Shoulder resurfacing in Edinburgh

Shoulder resurfacing is a type of shoulder arthroplasty in which the damaged surface of the ball of the shoulder joint is covered with a smooth metal cap. It can preserve more of the upper arm bone than a conventional shoulder replacement, where more bone may be removed and replaced with a stemmed implant. The most suitable procedure depends on the arthritis, bone quality, socket condition and rotator cuff function.

Shoulder resurfacing may suit people with painful shoulder arthritis whose humeral head has sufficient healthy bone to support a resurfacing implant. It is often considered where preserving the natural shape and bone of the upper arm is possible. A specialist assessment, including examination and X-rays or scans, is needed to establish whether it is appropriate.

Shoulder resurfacing may be recommended when arthritis causes persistent pain, stiffness, weakness or difficulty with sleep and everyday activities despite non-operative treatment. It is only advised when the pattern of joint damage, bone quality and surrounding soft tissues make it a suitable option. Other forms of shoulder replacement may be better for more extensive joint damage.

A potential benefit of shoulder resurfacing is that it preserves more bone in the upper arm because only the damaged joint surface is reshaped and capped. This may be helpful for selected patients and can leave options available if further surgery is required in the future. However, it is not suitable for every type of shoulder arthritis, and outcomes depend on individual joint conditions.

Shoulder resurfacing surgery is performed under anaesthetic. An incision is made around the shoulder to access the joint, the damaged surface of the upper arm bone is carefully prepared, and a metal resurfacing implant is fitted over it. The socket is also assessed; if it is significantly affected by arthritis, another shoulder replacement procedure may be recommended instead.

Alternatives may include activity modification, pain relief, anti-inflammatory medication where appropriate, physiotherapy and injections. Surgical alternatives include total shoulder replacement, reverse shoulder replacement or other joint-preserving procedures, depending on the arthritis, rotator cuff tendons, bone loss and your symptoms. Your consultant will explain the relevant options for your shoulder.

Recovery after shoulder resurfacing takes several months, although early progress begins in the first few weeks. Most patients initially use a sling for comfort and work with a physiotherapist on safe movement and exercises. Everyday tasks can be difficult for the first three to four weeks, while strength and full movement often continue improving over a longer period.

Driving and lighter activities are often possible from around four to six weeks, provided you can safely control the vehicle and are no longer limited by pain, a sling or medication. Return to work depends on your role; desk-based work may be possible sooner than manual work. Exercise and heavier activity should be reintroduced gradually under guidance from your surgical and physiotherapy team.

Shoulder resurfacing can provide meaningful pain relief and improve function for appropriately selected patients with shoulder arthritis. Results vary according to the severity and pattern of arthritis, the condition of the socket and soft tissues, rehabilitation and individual health factors. No operation can guarantee a particular outcome, and your expected benefits and limitations will be discussed before surgery.

The lifespan of a resurfacing shoulder replacement varies between individuals. It can be affected by activity levels, implant position, the condition of the socket, bone quality and the progression of arthritis elsewhere in the joint. Many implants provide long-term benefit, but some patients may eventually require further surgery or revision shoulder replacement. Ongoing follow-up helps monitor the joint and implant.